Wednesday, March 18, 2009

Mnemonic devices

Mnemonic devices are ways to remember long lists... such as ROYGBIV (Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo Violet)

and the latest written by B4 Energy and Dynamics (RMIVUXG) Radio Micro Infrared Visible Light Ultraviolet X-ray and Gamma (recently my ipod vanished under xavier's G-string).

Don't forget wavelength and frequency are inversely proportionate.

Eye getting knocked out

it's true..
an eye can get popped out. Here is the famous basketball game:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6DXWwa1iT-s

Sunday, March 1, 2009

Stopping Traffic

Optical Illusion Assignment

Though some of you are done, I want to remind all of you your assignment parameters are:

Find an optical illusion. Print and cut it out. Classify the type. Tell us how it works. Write that information on an index card. Put both on a piece of construction paper and put on the wall in the classroom.

Classify the type of optical illusion (Physiological (Hermann Grid and Mach Band examples), Conceptual (Kanizsa's Triangle), or Cognitive illusions. Conceptual and cognitive images are often confused. What is most important to know for our class is the difference between a conceptual (brain interpretation) "mistake" and a physical (afterimage, parallel line skewed by color) eye or nerve "mistake".

What does this have to do with physics and earth science? Light, my friends, is how you are reading this. Human's ability to understand it and grasp it are dynamic and everchanging. Al Sheckel, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics, did most of his research on perception. He is an amazing, truant, dynamic, brilliant, and odd man. His work on perception, light, and the human brain is ground breaking. He's also one of the folks on the edge of edgy in terms of "the brain trust" an inventors group and other very cool things. He also came up with the darwin bumper sticker with a friend. If that isn't cool I don't know what is.

The Eye

We are currently studying the eye. Here is a diagram of the eye. The parts of the eye are underneath.



Cornea - the clear, dome-shaped tissue covering the front of the eye.
Eyebrow - a patch of dense hair located above the eye.
Eyelash - one of the many hairs on the edge of the eyelids.
Eyelid - the flap of skin that can cover and protect the eye.
Iris - the colored part of the eye - it controls the amount of light that enters the eye by changing the size of the pupil.
Lens - a crystalline structure located just behind the iris - it focuses light onto the retina.
Optic nerve - the nerve that transmits electrical impulses from the retina to the brain.
Pupil - the opening in the center of the iris- it changes size as the amount of light changes (the more light, the smaller the hole).
Retina - sensory tissue that lines the back of the eye. It contains millions of photoreceptors (rods and cones) that convert light rays into electrical impulses that are relayed to the brain via the optic nerve.
Tear - clear, salty liquid that is produced by glands in the eyes.
Vitreous - a thick, transparent liquid that fills the center of the eye - it is mostly water and gives the eye its form and shape (also called the vitreous humor).

Sunday, February 22, 2009

Flame Tube


Here is a demonstration of a student playing flute into a flame tube: on youtube

It is a wonderful demonstration. Maybe by the next time I teach this I'll be able to buy a frequency generator!!!

Monday, February 16, 2009

When is loud too loud?



Apple iPod being sued over hearing damage

Supersonic



Above picture is of a jet cracking the sound barrier:

The term supersonic is used to define a speed that is over the speed of sound (Mach 1). At a typical temperature like 21 °C (70 °F), the threshold value required for an object to be traveling at a supersonic speed is approximately 344 m/s, (1,129 ft/s, 761 mph or 1,238 km/h). Speeds greater than 5 times the speed of sound are often referred to as hypersonic. Speeds where only some parts of the air around an object (such as the ends of rotor blades) reach supersonic speeds are labeled transonic (typically somewhere between Mach 0.8 and Mach 1.2).

Sounds are travelling vibrations (pressure waves) in an elastic medium. In gases sound travels longitudinally at different speeds, mostly depending on the molecular mass and temperature of the gas; (pressure has little effect).

New Sesmester, New Topics

Hello, a new semester and new topics.

Waves:




Vocabulary waves: frequency, wavelength, amplitude, trough, crest, compressional wave, transverse wave, and more.

Objectives: Be able to differentiate compressional and transverse waves.
Be able to label a picture like that above.

Sound:



Vocabulary sound: decibels (dBs), compressional wave, ultrasound technology, compression and rarefraction, resonance, pitch, frequency, and more.

Objectives:
Know what raising the amplitude of a wave will have an affect on the sound.
Know what increasing the size of the wavelength does to the sound we hear.
Know the decibel scale and what levels do damage to a person's hearing.
Describe hat is going on with the changes made in the flame waves in the roubins tube




Human ear: Be able to identify all the parts below: (stirrup, anvil, ear, eustacian tube, pinna, cochlea, eardrum, nerve cords, outer ear canal

Monday, January 19, 2009

Practice Final

Pre-Test for the Final Name: ________________________

Do your best to read through the following questions, answer them, and then check your answer. If you do not see how to answer them please come to a study session.

1. Complete the following:
82 kg = ___ g
A. 8.2 g
B. 820 g
C. 8200 g
D. 82,000 g

2. An automobile would best weighed in ___
A. milligrams
B. grams
C. kilograms
D. meters

3. Complete the following:
35 g = ___ mg
A. 35,000 mg
B. 3,500 mg
C. 350 mg
D. 0.35 mg

4. Which of the following would best be measured in grams?
A. A plane
B. A box of tissues
C. A truck
D. An elephant

5. A bag of flour holds 2 kg of flour. How many grams is that?
A. 1250 g
B. 2000 g
C. 250 g
D. 50 g

6. Complete the following statement:
9,345 g = ___ kg
A. 934.5 kg
B. 93.45 kg
C. 9.345 kg
D. 0.09345 kg
7. Which of the following would best measured in milligrams?
A. A vitamin
B. A dictionary
C. A laptop computer
D. A bag of sugar

8. In general, the acceleration of objects due to the earth's gravitational pull is
(A) 70 mph
(B) 30 g
(C) larger if the object is further away
(D) 9.8 meter per second squared

9. A raindrop on a drizzly day takes 30 minutes from the time it leaves the cloud until it hits your umbrella, 5 miles below The average velocity of the raindrop on its journey is
(A) 3 miles/hr
(B) 10 miles/hr
(C) 15 miles/hr
(D) Impossible to determine because the raindrop accelerates due to gravity
(E) None of he above

10. A car traveling at constant velocity v of 20 miles per hour drives for 6 hours. How far did it go?

(A) 3 miles
(B) 100 miles
(C) 120 miles
(D) 150 miles
(E) None of the above

11. If a running cockroach traveling at a speed of 6 cm/s, and experienced a rapid of deceleration to zero in 1 s, what is the acceleration?
(A) -1 cm/s
(B) -1 cm/s2
(C) -0.1 cm/s2
(D) -6 cm/s
(E) -6 cm/s2

12. How does 2.067 x 1011 look when written out in standard notation.
(A) 206700000000
(B) 206700000
(C) 2067000
(D) 206700000000000

13. Which unit should you use to measure length of a paper clip?
A. millimeter
B. megameter
C. decimeter
D. meter
E. kilometer

14. Which unit should you use to measure the distance to the North Pole?
A. millimeter
B. centimeter
C. decimeter
D. meter
E. kilometer

15. Work = Force x distance. If I lift 10kg of mass 2 meters high how much work have I done? Force = ma (mass x acceleration) Acceleration due to gravity = 9.8m/s2
A. 20 Newtons
B. 60 Joules
C. 196 Joules
D. 20 meters

16. Which unit should you use to measure the length the playground?
A. millimeter
B. centimeter
C. decimeter
D. meter
E. kilometer
17. Which unit should you use to measure the height
of a box of cereal?
A. megameter
B. centimeter
C. decimeter
D. meter
E. kilometer

18. What is the Force of a 500 kg car hitting a fire hydrant at 2 m/s2
(A) -2000 N
(B) -1 cm/s2
(C) -0.1 cm/s2
(D) -6 cm/s
(E) -6 cm/s2

19. Which unit should you use to measure distance from New York to Los Angles?
A. millimeter
B. centimeter
C. decimeter
D. meter
E. kilometer

20. Which unit should you use to measure distance a car travels in one hour?
A. millimeter
B. centimeter
C. decimeter
D. meter
E. kilometer

21. Which unit should you use to measure the length of a cat's tail?
A. millimeter
B. centimeter
C. decimeter
D. meter
E. kilometer

22. How does 4.305 x 10-7 look when written out in standard notation.
(A) 0.0000004305
(B) 0.00000004305
(C) 43050000000
(D) 43050000

23. How does 40500000 look when written out in standard notation.
(A) 4.05 x 10-7
(B) 4.05 x 107
(C) 4.05 x 1010
(D) 4.05 x 105

24. How does 12,000,000,000,000 look when written out in standard notation.
(A) 1.2 x 1013
(B) 1.2 x 1012
(C) 1.2 x 1010
(D) 1.2 x 10-13

25. If a grocery cart is driven at 1 meter every 30 seconds, how far will it go in 60 seconds?
A. 0.5 meters
B. 2 meters
C. 5 meters
D. 20 meters

26. If a grocery cart is driven at 1 meter every 10 seconds how far will it be in 2 minutes?
A. 3 meters
B. 6 meters
C. 12 meters
D. 50 meters

27. If I drive to ducks game in Eugene, which is 110 miles away, at a rate of 55 miles an hour and don’t stop…. How long does it take me?
A. One Hour
B. Two Hours
C. 3 hours
D. 4 hours

28. Newton wrote three laws of motion. Which is not any of them?
a. For every action there is an equal or opposite reaction
Subject of experiment Volume of water (mL) Temp
erature change Mass change Calories in system Calories per gram
Peanut 100 mL 46 2.0g


Potato chip 100 mL 33 3.0g
Marsh
Mellow
100mL 50 2.5g
b. An object in motion remains in motion until disturbed by an outside force. An object at rest will remain at rest until disturbed by an outside force.
c. Force = mass x acceleration
d. Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

29. If I drive to my conference in San Diego it would be 1100 miles. How long will it take me if I drive 55 mph. (about)
A. 10 hours
B. 20 hours
C. 30 hours
D. 40 hours

30. If our next campout is in the Gorge, at Horse Thief Lake, 90 miles away. How long would it take us to get there if we drove 40 miles an hour?
A. One hour
B. Two hours
C. Two hours and 15 minutes
D. Two hours and 10 minutes

31. If I lift a 10 kg box 10 meters, how much work have I done? Work = Force x distance, F = ma, a due to gravity is 9.8 m/s2
a. 98 Newtons
b. 980 Joules
c. 10 Newtons
d. 10 Joules



32. If I walk up a set of stairs, going a total of 5 meters, and I weigh 100 kg. How much work do I do?
A. 4900 Joules
B. 49000 Joules
C. 490 Newtons
D. 49 Newtons

33. If I run up a set of stairs in 15 seconds, at 10 meters high, with a weight of 100 lbs, how much power do I use?
A. 65.3 W
B. 653 W
C. 210 W
D. 137 W

34. Which of the following is Newton’s 2nd Law
a. For every action there is an equal or opposite reaction
b. An object in motion remains in motion until disturbed by an outside force. An object at rest will remain at rest until disturbed by an outside force.
c. Force = mass x acceleration
d. Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

In a calorimetry experiment students tested three different food items. Calculate the calories of each of the following?

36. How many calories are in one gram of peanut?
a. 461000 calories/gram
b. 4600 calories/gram
c. 23500 calories/gram
d. 2300 calories/gram

37. How many calories per gram of marshmallow?___________.
a. 25 calories/gram
b. 2500 calories/gram
c. 25000 calories/gram
d. 200 calories/gram

38. If I lift a 10 kg box 3 meters in 2 seconds, how much power did I use? Work = Force x distance, F = ma, a due to gravity is 9.8 m/s2. Power = Work/time
a. 15 Watts
b. 98 Joules
c. 10 Newtons
d. 73.5 Watts

39. A paper delivery girl takes 5 minutes to deliver to 20 houses. How long does it take her to deliver to 100 houses?
a. 5 minutes
b. 10 minutes
c. 15 minutes
d. 20 minutes
e. 25 minutes

40. A mail truck takes 20 seconds to move between mailboxes that are 10 meters apart. What is his speed ?
a. 200 m/s
b. 0.5 m/s
c. 2 m/s
d. 0.5 m/s
e. 0.2 m/s

41. A person in a head-on car collision, who is not wearing a seat belt, continues to move forward at the original speed of the car because of which phenomenon.
a. friction
b. inertia
c. gravity
d. acceleration
e. velocity

42. Which one of the following values would be speed? a. 5 meters
b. 100 grams
c. 7 seconds
d. 10 km/hr
e. 20m/s2

43. Velocity (speed) = d/t. If time decreases does the speed increase or decrease?
A. Increase
B. Decrease
C. None of the above
D. Both A and B

44. When a force is exerted on a box, an equal and opposite force is exerted by the box.
Who wrote the three laws of motion that explain this and the other two laws of motion?
a. Albert Einstein
b. Linus Pauling
c. Isaac Newton
d. Marie Curie

45. Momentum = mass x volume. Which has a higher momentum?
a. 10 kg cannon ball going 1 m/s
b. 1 kg baseball going 90 m/s
c. 500 kg car going 0.2 m/s
d. 63 kg me running at 1 m/s

46. The first step in using the scientific method to solve a problem is to:
a. collect data
b. design the experiment
c. form of hypothesis
d. make a conclusion

47. A snow ball at the top of a hill starts at 0 meters/second, but then accelerates to 3 meters per second. It does this in 10 seconds. What is the acceleration?

a. 5m/s2 b. 0.7 m/s2 c. 0.3 m/s2 d. 30 m/s2

48. A company is testing a new fertilizer. They have two plants. One plant receives the fertilizer being tested, while the second plant receives no fertilizer. In this experiment, the plant that receives no fertilizer is the__________________.
a. dependent variable
b. independent variable
c. control
d. placebo

49. How does 4 x 10-3 look when written out in standard notation.
(A) 0.004
(B) 0.00004
(C) 4000
(D) 4.000

50. Which of the following units is not used as a unit for volume?
a. cm2
b. kg
c. L
d. mL
e. meter





1. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
2. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
3. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
4. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
5. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
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48. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
49. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
50. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)


The answers are:
1. D
2. C
3. A
4. B
5. B
6. C
7. A
8. D
9. B
10. C
11. E
12. A
13. A
14. E
15. C
16. D
17. B OR C
18. A
19. E
20. E
21. B
22. A
23. B
24. A
25. B
26. C
27. B
28. D
29. B
30. C
31. B
32. A
33. B
34. C
35.
36. D
37. E. 2000
38. E. 147 WATTS
39. E
40. D
41. B
42. D
43. A
44. C
45. C
46. C
47. C
48. C
49. A
50. E